مجله علمی صوت و ارتعاش

مجله علمی صوت و ارتعاش

تحلیل منظر صوتی فضاهای شهری در راستای ارتقای بستر اجرای خنیاگری خیابانی، مطالعه موردی: جلوخان مسجد وکیل، شیراز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار طراحی شهری، بخش شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، بخش شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری
3 دانشیار، بخش شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز
چکیده
تجربه فضاهای شهری تنها به حس بینایی محدود نمی‌شود و منظر صوتی به‌عنوان یکی از عوامل مؤثر بر ادراک فضا، نقشی کلیدی در شکل‌گیری تصویر ذهنی مردم ایفا می‌کند. بااین‌حال، صوت و منظر صوتی در طراحی شهری امروز نادیده گرفته می‌شوند و افزایش آلودگی‌های صوتی ناشی از ترافیک، کیفیت شنیداری فضاها را تهدید می‌کند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل شاخص‌های منظر صوتی جلوخان مسجد وکیل به‌منظور بهبود شرایط اجرای نوازندگان خیابانی صورت گرفته است. این تحقیق با رویکرد کیفی و روش توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام و داده‌ها از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، مشاهده میدانی، پیاده‌روی صوتی، ضبط صدا و پرسشنامه گردآوری شده‌اند. تعداد 93 پرسشنامه برای بررسی ادراک، ترجیحات و خوشایندی صوتی مردم در محدوده توزیع و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که منظر صوتی این فضا به‌طور نسبی برای اجرای موسیقی خیابانی مناسب است؛ بااین‌حال، کاهش آلودگی‌های صوتی مانند صدای موتورسیکلت‌ها می‌تواند به افزایش آسایش و خوشایندی شنیداری فضا کمک کند.


 


 

 
 
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Exploring the Soundscape of Urban Spaces to Optimize Street Performance: A Case Study of the Forecourt of Masjed-e Vakil, Shiraz

نویسندگان English

Sahand Lotfi 1
razieh jafari 2
Mahsa Sholeh 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Design, School of Art and Architecture, ‎Shiraz University
2 M. A.Student in Urban Design , Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz University
3 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz University
چکیده English

The soundscape is a critical yet underappreciated dimension of urban environments, profoundly influencing sensory perceptions, spatial experience, and the mental imagery of urban spaces. This study examines the soundscape of the parvis of Masjed-e Vakil in Shiraz, aiming to enhance its spatial suitability for street performances. While historically a religious hub, Masjed-e Vakil now serves primarily as a focal point for tourism and cultural activities, drawing visitors for its architectural significance and vibrant surroundings. A qualitative and descriptive-analytical approach gathered data via a comprehensive methodology comprising a literature review, field observation, sound walks, audio recordings, and structured questionnaires. A total of 93 questionnaires were analyzed to assess public perception, auditory preferences, and the overall acoustic appeal of the site. The findings highlight the parvis of Masjed-e Vakil as a relatively favorable location for street music, with a soundscape that supports such performances. However, the study underscores the urgent need to address noise pollution, particularly from vehicular traffic, such as motorcycles, to improve acoustic comfort and auditory quality. The research underscores the potential of street music as a form of urban art that not only enriches the sensory and cultural dimensions of urban spaces but also strengthens social interactions and fosters a deeper sense of place attachment. Furthermore, it identifies street music as a valuable instrument for urban branding and cultural promotion, contributing significantly to social cohesion and the enhancement of urban quality of life.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Soundscape
street performance
urban space
Masjed-e Vakil
Shiraz
[1] Yang, Ming, and Jian Kang. "Pitch features of environmental sounds." Journal of Sound and Vibration 374 (2016): 312-328.
[2] Bennett, Andy, and Ian Rogers. "Street music, technology and the urban soundscape." Continuum 28, no. 4 (2014): 454-464.
[3] Tachibana, Hideki. "Public space acoustics for information and safety." In Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, vol. 19, no. 1. AIP Publishing, 2013.
[4] Watt, Paul. "Street Music in the Nineteenth Century: Histories and Historiographies." Nineteenth-Century Music Review 15, no. 1 (2018): 3-8.
[5] Simpson, Paul. "Sonic affects and the production of space:‘Music by handle’and the politics of street music in Victorian London." cultural geographies 24, no. 1 (2017): 89-109.
[6]  Clua, Álvaro, Josep Llorca-Bofí, and Sophia Psarra. "Urban opportunities and conflicts around street musicians: the relationship between the configuration of public space and outdoor acoustics in Ciutat Vella, Barcelona." Journal of urban design 25, no. 5 (2020): 561-589.
[7] Cantwell, Robert. If Beale Street Could Talk: Music, Community, Culture. University of Illinois Press, 2008.
[8] Gleeson, Sophie. "The Sonic Identity Model: one interdisciplinary approach for qualitative urban soundscape analysis, management and design." In INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings, vol. 265, no. 7, pp. 906-915. Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2023.
[9] Bennett, Andy, and Ian Rogers. "Street music, technology and the urban soundscape." Continuum 28, no. 4 (2014): 454-464.
[10] Carmona, Matthew, Claudio De Magalhães, and Leo Hammond. Public space: the management dimension. Routledge, 2008.
[11] Yang, Wei, and Jian Kang. "Acoustic comfort evaluation in urban open public spaces." Applied acoustics 66, no. 2 (2005): 211-229.
[12] Lefebvre, Henri. "The production of space (1991)." In The people, place, and space reader, pp. 289-293. Routledge, 2014.
[13] فخراحمد، سید مجتبی، لطفی، سهند، ذوالقدری، گلرخ، و نوروزانی، زهرا نامداری (2022). «سنجش هنایندگی خُنیاگری خیابانی بر زندگی همگانی فضاهای شهری، نمونه موردی: قلمروهمگانی شهر شیراز». فصلنامه مطالعات شهری، 11(41)، 85–98.
[14] Schafer, R.M. The soundscape: our sonic environment and the tuning of the world. Rochester: Destiny Books; 1993.
[15] Schaeffer P, North C, Dack J. Treatise on musical objects: essays across disciplines. Oakland, California: University of California Press; 2017. (California studies in 20th-century music).
[16] Southworth, Michael Frank. "The sonic environment of cities." PhD diss., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1967.
[17] Axelsson Ö. Designing Soundscape for Sustainable Urban Development. In: Conference. Stockholm, Sweden: City of Stockholm Environment and Health Administration; 2010. p. 9–12.
[18] Pijanowski, Bryan C., Luis J. Villanueva-Rivera, Sarah L. Dumyahn, Almo Farina, Bernie L. Krause, Brian M. Napoletano, Stuart H. Gage, and Nadia Pieretti. "Soundscape ecology: the science of sound in the landscape." BioScience 61, no. 3 (2011): 203-216.
[19]. Ren, Xinxin, and Jian Kang. "Effects of the visual landscape factors of an ecological waterscape on acoustic comfort." Applied Acoustics 96 (2015): 171-179.
[20] Mullet, Timothy C., Almo Farina, and Stuart H. Gage. "The acoustic habitat hypothesis: An ecoacoustics perspective on species habitat selection." Biosemiotics 10 (2017): 319-336.
[21] Ruiz, Arana. "Urban Soundscapes: A Guide to Listening for Landscape Architecture and Urban Design." (2024).
[22] Caputo, Simone, Franco Piperno, and Emanuele Senici, eds. Music, Place, and Identity in Italian Urban Soundscapes Circa 1550-1860. New York: Routledge, 2023.
[23] Pijanowski, Bryan C. Principles of soundscape ecology: discovering our sonic world. University of Chicago Press, 2024.
[24] Kang, Jian, and Brigitte Schulte-Fortkamp, eds. Soundscape and the built environment. Vol. 525. Boca Raton, FL, USA:: CRC press, 2016..
[25] Schulte-Fortkamp, Brigitte, André Fiebig, Joseph A. Sisneros, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay, eds. Soundscapes: humans and their acoustic environment. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 2023.
[26] Eisenberg, Annika. Navigating urban soundscapes: Dublin and Los Angeles in fiction. Palgrave Macmillan, 2023.
[27] Truax, Barry. "Soundscape, acoustic communication and environmental sound composition." Contemporary music review 15, no. 1-2 (1996): 49-65.
[28] Schoeman, Renée P., Christine Erbe, Gianni Pavan, Roberta Righini, and Jeanette A. Thomas. "Analysis of soundscapes as an ecological tool." Exploring animal behavior through sound 1 (2022): 217-267.
[29] Payne, Sarah R., William Davies, and Mags Adams. "Research into the practical and policy applications of soundscape concepts and techniques in urban areas (NANR 200)." (2009).
[30] Axelsson, Östen, Catherine Guastavino, and Sarah R. Payne. "Soundscape assessment." Frontiers in Psychology 10 (2019): 2514.
[31] Roman, Hector Eduardo. "Acoustic Sensing and Monitoring in Urban and Natural Environments." (2024): 254.
[32] Leus, Maria. "Towards an aural urbanity." Axelsson, Östen (Hg.), Designing soundscape for sustainable urban development. Stockholm: City of Stockholm (2011): 35-38.
[33]. Nilsson, Mats, Jörgen Bengtsson, and Ronny Klæboe, eds. Environmental methods for transport noise reduction. CRC Press, 2014.
[34] Aletta, Francesco, and Jian Kang. "Promoting healthy and supportive acoustic environments: Going beyond the quietness." International journal of environmental research and public health 16, no. 24 (2019): 4988.
[35] Rychtarikova, Monika, Gerrit Vermeir, and Markieta Domecka. "The application of the soundscape approach in the evaluation of the urban public spaces." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (2008): 3810.
[36] Belgiojoso, Ricciarda. Constructing urban space with sounds and music. Routledge, 2016.
[37] Crocker, Malcolm J. Handbook of acoustics. John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
[38] Yang J. The Centre of City. Singapore: Springer Singapore Pte. Limited; 2019.
[39] Seman, Michael. "How a music scene functioned as a tool for urban redevelopment: A case study of Omaha’s Slowdown project." City, Culture and Society 1, no. 4 (2010): 207-215.
[40] Bennett, Andy, and Ian Rogers. "Street music, technology and the urban soundscape."  Continuum 28, no. 4 (2014): 454-464.
[41] Rogers, Ian Keith. "Musical Performance and the Changing City: Post-Industrial Contexts in Europe and the United States." IASPM Journal 4, no. 1 (2014): 122-123.
[42] Cohen S, Leonard M, Roberts L, Knifton R. Sites of Popular Music Heritage: Memories, Histories, Places. London: Routledge; 2014. (Routledge Studies in Popular Music Ser).
[43] Grygier, Ewelina. "Street Music. A case study of three European cities: Vienna, Warsaw and Wroclaw." Post-ip: Revista do Fórum Internacional de Estudos em Música e Dança 2 (2013): 70-77.
[44] Yang, Wei, and Jian Kang. "Acoustic comfort evaluation in urban open public spaces." Applied acoustics 66, no. 2 (2005): 211-229.
[45] Clua, Álvaro, Josep Llorca-Bofí, and Sophia Psarra. "Urban opportunities and conflicts around street musicians: the relationship between the configuration of public space and outdoor acoustics in Ciutat Vella, Barcelona." Journal of urban design 25, no. 5 (2020): 561-589.
[46] Steindorf, Johanna. "Walk-Along with a Mediated Presence: The Audio Walk as a Mobile Method." Wi: Journal of Mobile Media 11, no. 1 (2017).